1. Betaine partially replaces choline
Choline is an essential nutrient for animal body. It can provide methyl group for the body to participate in metabolic reaction. Recent studies have found that betaine can also provide methyl for human body. Betaine provides 2.3 times the methyl efficiency of choline chloride and is a more effective methyl donor. A certain amount of betaine can be added to the aquatic feed to replace part of choline. For example, half of the rainbow trout choline requirements must be met, while the remaining half can be replaced with betaine. Compared with the unsubstituted control group, the average body length of Macrobrachium rosenbergii increased by 27.63% and the feed coefficient decreased by 8% after 150 days when betaine was used to replace the appropriate amount of choline chloride in the feed.
2. Betaine can improve the production skills of grass carp
Betaine can promote the growth of fish and shrimps by attracting food Enhance disease resistance and immunity, improve survival rate and feed conversion rate. The addition of betaine has a significant effect on the growth of juvenile fish and shrimp.
The weight of rainbow trout fed with betaine increased by 23.5%, and the feeding factor decreased by 14.01%. The yield of Atlantic salmon increased by 31.9%, and the feed factors decreased by 20.8%. Adding 0.3% to 0.5% betaine to the 2-month old carp compound diet can increase the daily weight gain by 41% to 49% and reduce the feed factor by 14% to 24%. Adding 0.3% pure or mixed betaine to the feed can significantly promote the growth of tilapia and reduce feed factors. Adding 1.5% betaine to crab bait can increase the net weight of crabs by 95.3% and the survival rate by 38%, resulting in faster growth rate and higher survival rate.
3. Betaine can prevent fatty liver
Betaine can improve the oxidation process of fatty acids in mitochondria, significantly increase the content of long-chain ester acyl carnitine and the proportion of long-chain ester acyl carnitine and free carnitine in muscle and liver, promote fat decomposition, reduce fat deposition in liver and body, promote protein synthesis, redistribute car body fat, and reduce the occurrence of fatty liver. Betaine has significant effect on reducing fatty liver of grass carp. When grass carp are fed with compound feed for a long time without adding green feed, betaine can prevent fatty liver disease caused by nutritional deficiency.